JavaScript实现浮动定位提示效果源码

文章类别：Javascript | 发表日期:2010-3-28 9:38:33

21视频教程网3月28日整理

本来想做一个集合浮动定位和鼠标跟随的tooltips效果，但发现定位和鼠标跟随在一些关键的地方还是不同的，还是分开来吧。
这个效果本身难度不大，主要在程序结构和扩展中下了些功夫，务求用起来更方便，能用在更多的地方。

程序特点

1，同一个提示框用在多个触发元素时，只需一个实例；
2，显示和隐藏分别有点击方式和触发方式选择；
3，能设置延时显示和隐藏；
4，有25种预设定位位置；
5，可在预设定位基础上，再自定义定位；
6，可设置自适应窗口定位；

更新：
把定位程序独立出来
改进参数的使用方式
顺便整理了一下程序

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312" />
<title>JavaScript 浮动定位提示效果</title>
<script>
var $$ = function (id) {
    return "string" == typeof id ? document.getElementById(id) : id;
};
var isIE = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('MSIE') != -1;
var isIE6 = isIE && ([/MSIE (\d)\.0/i.exec(navigator.userAgent)][0][1] == "6");
var isChrome = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Chrome') != -1;
var isSafari = navigator.userAgent.indexOf('AppleWebKit') != -1;
// with input from Tino Zijdel, Matthias Miller, Diego Perini
// http://dean.edwards.name/weblog/2005/10/add-event/
function addEvent(element, type, handler) {
if (element.addEventListener) {
  element.addEventListener(type, handler, false);
} else {
  if (!handler.$$guid) handler.$$guid = addEvent.guid++;
  if (!element.events) element.events = {};
  var handlers = element.events[type];
  if (!handlers) {
   handlers = element.events[type] = {};
   if (element["on" + type]) {
    handlers[0] = element["on" + type];
   }
  }
  handlers[handler.$$guid] = handler;
  element["on" + type] = handleEvent;
}
};
addEvent.guid = 1;
function removeEvent(element, type, handler) {
if (element.removeEventListener) {
  element.removeEventListener(type, handler, false);
} else {
  if (element.events && element.events[type]) {
   delete element.events[type][handler.$$guid];
  }
}
};
function handleEvent(event) {
var returnValue = true;
event = event || fixEvent(((this.ownerDocument || this.document || this).parentWindow || window).event);
var handlers = this.events[event.type];
for (var i in handlers) {
  this.$$handleEvent = handlers[i];
  if (this.$$handleEvent(event) === false) {
   returnValue = false;
  }
}
return returnValue;
};
function fixEvent(event) {
event.target = event.srcElement;
if(event.type == "mouseout") {
  event.relatedTarget = event.toElement;
}else if(event.type == "mouseover") {
  event.relatedTarget = event.fromElement;
}
return event;
};
var Extend = function(destination, source) {
for (var property in source) {
  destination[property] = source[property];
}
return destination;
}
var Contains = function(a, b){
return a.contains ? a != b && a.contains(b) : !!(a.compareDocumentPosition(b) & 16);
}
var Bind = function(object, fun) {
var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2);
return function() {
  return fun.apply(object, args.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)));
}
}
var BindAsEventListener = function(object, fun) {
var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2);
return function(event) {
  return fun.apply(object, [event].concat(args));
}
}
function GetRelative(relElem, fixedElem, options){
//默认值
options = Extend({
  Align:   "clientleft",//水平方向定位
  vAlign:   "clienttop",//垂直方向定位
  CustomLeft:  0,//自定义left定位
  CustomTop:  0,//自定义top定位
  PercentLeft: 0,//自定义left百分比定位
  PercentTop:  0,//自定义top百分比定位
  Adaptive:  false,//是否自适应定位
  Reset:   false//自适应定位时是否重新定位
}, options || {});
//定义参数
var rect = relElem.getBoundingClientRect(),
  scrolldoc = isChrome || isSafari ? document.body : document.documentElement,
  iLeft = GetRelative.Left(options.Align, rect, fixedElem) + options.CustomLeft,
  iTop = GetRelative.Top(options.vAlign, rect, fixedElem) + options.CustomTop;
//自定义百分比定位
if (options.PercentLeft) { iLeft += .01 * options.PercentLeft * relElem.offsetWidth; };
if (options.PercentTop) { iTop += .01 * options.PercentTop * relElem.offsetHeight; };
//自适应视窗定位
if (options.Adaptive) {
  //修正定位参数
  var maxLeft = document.documentElement.clientWidth - fixedElem.offsetWidth,
   maxTop = document.documentElement.clientHeight - fixedElem.offsetHeight;
  if (options.Reset) {
   //自动重新定位
   if (iLeft > maxLeft || iLeft < 0) {
    iLeft = GetRelative.Left(2 * iLeft > maxLeft ? "left" : "right") + options.CustomLeft;
   };
   if (iTop > maxTop || iTop < 0) {
    iTop = GetRelative.Top(2 * iTop > maxTop ? "top" : "bottom") + options.CustomTop;
   };
  } else {
   //修正到适合位置
   iLeft = Math.max(Math.min(iLeft, maxLeft), 0);
   iTop = Math.max(Math.min(iTop, maxTop), 0);
  };
};
//加上滚动条
iLeft += scrolldoc.scrollLeft; iTop += scrolldoc.scrollTop;
//返回定位参数
return { Left: iLeft, Top: iTop };
};
GetRelative.Left = function(align, rect, fixedElem){
var iLeft = 0;
switch (align.toLowerCase()) {
  case "left" :
   return rect.left - fixedElem.offsetWidth;
  case "clientleft" :
   return rect.left;
  case "center" :
   return (rect.left + rect.right - fixedElem.offsetWidth)/2;
  case "clientright" :
   return rect.right - fixedElem.offsetWidth;
  case "right" :
  default :
   return rect.right;
};
};
GetRelative.Top = function(valign, rect, fixedElem){
var iTop = 0;
switch (valign.toLowerCase()) {
  case "top" :
   return rect.top - fixedElem.offsetHeight;
  case "clienttop" :
   return rect.top;
  case "center" :
   return (rect.top + rect.bottom - fixedElem.offsetHeight)/2;
  case "clientbottom" :
   return rect.bottom - fixedElem.offsetHeight;
  case "bottom" :
  default :
   return rect.bottom;
};
};
var FixedTips = function(tip, options){
this.Tip = $$(tip);//提示框

this._trigger = null;//触发对象
this._timer = null;//定时器
this._cssTip = this.Tip.style;//简化代码
this._onshow = false;//记录当前显示状态

this.SetOptions(options);
//处理Tip对象
var css = this._cssTip;
css.margin = 0;//避免定位问题
css.position = "absolute"; css.visibility = "hidden";
css.display = "block"; css.zIndex = 99;
css.left = this._cssTip.top = "-9999px";//避免占位出现滚动条
//offset修正参数
var iLeft = 0, iTop = 0, p = this.Tip;
while (p.offsetParent) {
  p = p.offsetParent; iLeft += p.offsetLeft; iTop += p.offsetTop;
};
this._offsetleft = iLeft;
this._offsettop = iTop;
//移入Tip对象时保持显示状态
addEvent(this.Tip, "mouseover", BindAsEventListener(this, function(e){
  //如果是外部元素进入，说明当前是隐藏延时阶段，那么清除定时器取消隐藏
  this.Check(e.relatedTarget) && clearTimeout(this._timer);
}));
//ie6处理select
if (isIE6) {
  var iframe = document.createElement("<iframe style='position:absolute;filter:alpha(opacity=0);display:none;'>");
  document.body.insertBefore(iframe, document.body.childNodes[0]);
  this._cssiframe = iframe.style;
};
//用于点击方式隐藏
this._fCH = BindAsEventListener(this, function(e) {
  if (this.Check(e.target) && this.CheckHide()) {
   this.ReadyHide(this.IsClick(this._trigger.HideDelayType));
  };
});
//用于触发方式隐藏
this._fTH = BindAsEventListener(this, function(e) {
  if (this.Check(e.relatedTarget) && this.CheckHide()) {
   this.ReadyHide(this.IsTouch(this._trigger.HideDelayType));
  };
});
};
FixedTips.prototype = {
//设置默认属性
SetOptions: function(options) {
this.options = {//默认值
  ShowType:  "both",//显示方式
  HideType:  "both",//隐藏方式
  ShowDelayType: "touch",//显示延迟方式
  HideDelayType: "touch",//隐藏延迟方式
  //"click":只用点击方式,"touch":只用触发方式,"both":两个都使用,"none":都不使用
  ShowDelay:  300,//显示延时时间
  HideDelay:  300,//隐藏延时时间
  Fixed:   {},//定位对象
  onShow:   function(){},//显示时执行
  onHide:   function(){}//隐藏时执行
};
Extend(this.options, options || {});
},
//检查触发元素
Check: function(elem) {
//返回是否外部元素（即触发元素和Tip对象本身及其内部元素以外的元素对象）
return !this._trigger ||
  !(
   this.Tip === elem || this._trigger.Elem === elem ||
   Contains(this.Tip, elem) || Contains(this._trigger.Elem, elem)
  );
},
//准备显示
ReadyShow: function(delay) {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
var trigger = this._trigger;
//触发方式隐藏
this.IsTouch(trigger.HideType) && addEvent(this._trigger.Elem, "mouseout", this._fTH);
//点击方式隐藏
this.IsClick(trigger.HideType) && addEvent(document, "click", this._fCH);
//显示
if (delay) {
  this._timer = setTimeout(Bind(this, this.Show), trigger.ShowDelay);
} else { this.Show(); };
},
//显示
Show: function() {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
this._trigger.onShow();//放在前面方便修改属性
//根据预设定位和自定义定位计算left和top
var trigger = this._trigger,
  pos = GetRelative(trigger.Elem, this.Tip, trigger.Fixed),
  iLeft = pos.Left, iTop = pos.Top;
//设置位置并显示
this._cssTip.left = iLeft - this._offsetleft + "px";
this._cssTip.top = iTop - this._offsettop + "px";
this._cssTip.visibility = "visible";
//ie6处理select
if (isIE6) {
  var css = this._cssiframe;
  css.width = this.Tip.offsetWidth + "px";
  css.height = this.Tip.offsetHeight + "px";
  css.left = iLeft + "px"; css.top = iTop + "px"; css.display = "";
};
//触发方式隐藏
this.IsTouch(trigger.HideType) && addEvent(this.Tip, "mouseout", this._fTH);
},
//准备隐藏
ReadyHide: function(delay) {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
if (delay) {
  this._timer = setTimeout(Bind(this, this.Hide), this._trigger.HideDelay);
} else { this.Hide(); };
},
//隐藏
Hide: function() {
clearTimeout(this._timer);
//设置隐藏
this._cssTip.visibility = "hidden";
this._cssTip.left = this._cssTip.top = "-9999px";
//ie6处理select
if (isIE6) { this._cssiframe.display = "none"; };
//处理触发对象
if (!!this._trigger) {
  this._trigger.onHide();
  removeEvent(this._trigger.Elem, "mouseout", this._fTH);
}
this._trigger = null;
//移除事件
removeEvent(this.Tip, "mouseout", this._fTH);
removeEvent(document, "click", this._fCH);
},
//添加触发对象
Add: function(elem, options) {
//创建一个触发对象
var elem = $$(elem), trigger = Extend( Extend( { Elem: elem }, this.options ), options || {} );
//点击方式显示
addEvent(elem, "click", BindAsEventListener(this, function(e){
  if ( this.IsClick(trigger.ShowType) ) {
   if ( this.CheckShow(trigger) ) {
    this.ReadyShow(this.IsClick(trigger.ShowDelayType));
   } else {
    clearTimeout(this._timer);
   };
  };
}));
//触发方式显示
addEvent(elem, "mouseover", BindAsEventListener(this, function(e){
  if ( this.IsTouch(trigger.ShowType) ) {
   if (this.CheckShow(trigger)) {
    this.ReadyShow(this.IsTouch(trigger.ShowDelayType));
   } else if (this.Check(e.relatedTarget)) {
    clearTimeout(this._timer);
   };
  };
}));
//返回触发对象
return trigger;
},
//显示检查
CheckShow: function(trigger) {
if ( trigger !== this._trigger ) {
  //不是同一个触发对象就先执行Hide防止冲突
  this.Hide(); this._trigger = trigger; return true;
} else { return false; };
},
//隐藏检查
CheckHide: function() {
if ( this._cssTip.visibility === "hidden" ) {
  //本来就是隐藏状态，不需要再执行Hide
  clearTimeout(this._timer);
  removeEvent(this._trigger.Elem, "mouseout", this._fTH);
  this._trigger = null;
  removeEvent(document, "click", this._fCH);
  return false;
} else { return true; };
},
//是否点击方式
IsClick: function(type) {
type = type.toLowerCase();
return type === "both" || type === "click";
},
//是否触发方式
IsTouch: function(type) {
type = type.toLowerCase();
return type === "both" || type === "touch";
}
};
</script>
</head>
<body>
<style>
.trigger{border:1px solid #003099; color:#003099; background:#e2e7ff; padding:10px; width:200px; height:100px; margin-left:150px;}
.tip{border:1px solid #c00000; color:#c00000; background:#ffcccc; padding:5px; line-height:20px; display:none;}
</style>
<div style="padding:50px;">
<div id="idTip" class="tip"></div>
<div id="idTrigger1" class="trigger">
  <select>
   <option>test</option>
  </select>
</div>
<br>
水平位置：
<label>
  <input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="left" />
  left </label>
<label>
  <input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="clientleft" />
  clientleft </label>
<label>
  <input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="center" />
  center </label>
<label>
  <input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="clientright" />
  clientright </label>
<label>
  <input name="nAlign" type="radio" value="right" checked="checked" />
  right </label>
<br>
垂直位置：
<label>
  <input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="top" />
  top </label>
<label>
  <input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="clienttop" />
  clienttop </label>
<label>
  <input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="center" />
  center </label>
<label>
  <input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="clientbottom" />
  clientbottom </label>
<label>
  <input name="nVAlign" type="radio" value="bottom" checked="checked" />
  bottom </label>
<br>
<br>
自定义定位：
left：
<input id="idLeft" type="text" size="5" value="0" maxlength="3" />
top：
<input id="idTop" type="text" size="5" value="0" maxlength="3"/>
<input id="idPercent" type="checkbox" />
<label for="idPercent">按百分比</label>
<br>
<br>
执行方式：
<label>
  <input name="nType" type="radio" value="click" />
  点击方式 </label>
<label>
  <input name="nType" type="radio" value="touch" />
  触发方式 </label>
<label>
  <input name="nType" type="radio" value="both" checked="checked"/>
  两种方式 </label>
<label>
  <input name="nType" type="radio" value="none" />
  都不使用 </label>
<label>
<br>
<br>
延时时间：
<input id="idDelayTime" type="text" size="5" value="0" maxlength="4"/>
微秒
<input id="idDelay" type="button" value=" 取消延时 " />
<br>
<br>
其他应用范例： <br>
<br>
<div id="idTest1"> 利用title： <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/11/17/1334778.html" title="拖放效果">拖放效果</a>   <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/12/03/1346386.html" title="拖拉缩放效果">拖拉缩放效果</a>   <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/07/21/1247267.html" title="图片切割效果"> 图片切割效果</a> </div>
<br>
<br>
流行的头像显示效果： <br>
<br>
<div id="idTest2"> <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/07/06/1236770.html" title="图片滑动切换效果"><img src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/cloudgamer/143727/r_mx1.jpg" border="0"/></a>   <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/05/23/1205642.html" title="图片变换效果"><img src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/cloudgamer/143727/r_mx2.jpg" border="0"/></a>   <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/05/13/1194272.html" title="图片滑动展示效果"><img src="http://images.cnblogs.com/cnblogs_com/cloudgamer/143727/r_mx3.jpg" border="0"/></a> </div>
<br>
<br>
按钮效果：
<input id="idTest3" type="button" value="点击显示" />
</div>
<script>
var forEach = function(array, callback, thisObject){
if(array.forEach){
  array.forEach(callback, thisObject);
}else{
  for (var i = 0, len = array.length; i < len; i++) { callback.call(thisObject, array[i], i, array); }
}
}
//////////////////////////////////////
var ft = new FixedTips("idTip");
//////////////////////////////////////
var trigger1 = ft.Add("idTrigger1", {
  onShow: function(){
   var fixed = this.Fixed, sShow;
   //默认定位测试
   forEach(document.getElementsByName("nAlign"), function(o){ if(o.checked){ fixed.Align = o.value; } });
   forEach(document.getElementsByName("nVAlign"), function(o){ if(o.checked){ fixed.vAlign = o.value; } });
   //自定义定位测试
   fixed.CustomLeft = fixed.CustomTop = fixed.PercentLeft = fixed.PercentTop = 0;
   if($$("idPercent").checked){
    fixed.PercentLeft = $$("idLeft").value | 0; fixed.PercentTop = $$("idTop").value | 0;
    sShow = "left: " + fixed.PercentLeft + "%, top: " + fixed.PercentTop +"%";
   }else{
    fixed.CustomLeft = $$("idLeft").value | 0; fixed.CustomTop = $$("idTop").value | 0;
    sShow = "left: " + fixed.CustomLeft + ", top: " + fixed.CustomTop;
   }
   //延时测试
   trigger1.ShowDelay = trigger1.HideDelay = $$("idDelayTime").value | 0 || 300;
   ft.Tip.innerHTML = fixed.Align + "<br>" + fixed.vAlign + "<br>" + sShow;
  }
});
//延时测试
$$("idDelayTime").value = trigger1.ShowDelay;
$$("idDelay").onclick = function(){
var btn = $$("idDelayTime");
if(!btn.disabled){
  trigger1.ShowDelayType = trigger1.HideDelayType = "none";
  btn.disabled = true; this.value = " 设置延时 ";
}else{
  trigger1.ShowDelayType = trigger1.HideDelayType = "both";
  btn.disabled = false; this.value = " 取消延时 ";
}
}
//方式测试
forEach(document.getElementsByName("nType"), function(o){
o.onclick = function(){ trigger1.ShowType = trigger1.HideType = this.value; };
});
///////////////////////////////////////
forEach($$("idTest1").getElementsByTagName("a"), function(o){
var title = o.title; o.title = "";
ft.Add(o, { Fixed: { vAlign: "bottom", PercentLeft: 50 }, onShow: function(){ ft.Tip.innerHTML = title; } });
})
///////////////////////////////////////
forEach($$("idTest2").getElementsByTagName("a"), function(o){
var img = o.getElementsByTagName("img")[0], title = o.title;
o.title = "";
ft.Add(img, { Fixed: { CustomLeft: -6, CustomTop: -6 },
  onShow: function(){
   var str = '<a href="' + o.href + '"><img src="' + img.src + '" style="padding-bottom:5px;" border="0"/></a>';
   str += '<br /><a href="' + o.href + '">' + title + '</a>';
   ft.Tip.innerHTML = str;
  }
});
})
///////////////////////////////////////
ft.Add("idTest3", { Fixed: { Align: "right" }, HideType: "none", ShowType: "click",
onShow: function(){
  var str = '<a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2009/03/11/1408333.html">颜色梯度和渐变效果</a><br />';
  str += '<a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/cloudgamer/archive/2008/10/20/1314766.html">仿163网盘无刷新文件上传系统</a><br />';
  str += '<input type="button" onclick="ft.Hide();" value="点击关闭" />';
  ft.Tip.innerHTML = str;
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>

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