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在SQL中删除重复记录(多种方法)

文章类别:Sql Server | 发表日期:2008-10-5 21:27:30

   学习sql有一段时间了,发现在我建了一个用来测试的表(没有建索引)中出现了许多的重复记录。后来总结了一些删除重复记录的方法,在Oracle中,可以通过唯一rowid实现删除重复记录;还可以建临时表来实现...这个只提到其中的几种简单实用的方法,希望可以和大家分享(以表employee为例)。

SQL> desc employee

 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------

emp_id                                                NUMBER(10)
emp_name                                           VARCHAR2(20)

salary                                                  NUMBER(10,2)

 

 

可以通过下面的语句查询重复的记录:

SQL> select * from employee;

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                  SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                         20000

         2 semon                                         20000

         3 xyz                                           30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 


SQL>
select distinct * from employee;

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                         20000

         3 xyz                                             30000

SQL>  select * from employee group by emp_id,emp_name,salary having count (*)>1

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                          20000


SQL>
select * from employee e1

where rowid in (select max(rowid) from employe e2
 
where e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and

  e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         3 xyz                                             30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 

 

2. 删除的几种方法:

 

1)通过建立临时表来实现

SQL>create table temp_emp as (select distinct * from employee) 

SQL> truncate table employee; (清空employee表的数据)

SQL> insert into employee select * from temp_emp;  (再将临时表里的内容插回来)

 

( 2)通过唯一rowid实现删除重复记录.Oracle中,每一条记录都有一个rowidrowid在整个数据库中是唯一的,rowid确定了每条记录是在Oracle中的哪一个数据文件、块、行上。在重复的记录中,可能所有列的内容都相同,但rowid不会相同,所以只要确定出重复记录中那些具有最大或最小rowid的就可以了,其余全部删除。

SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid not in (
       
select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where

        e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);--这里用min(rowid)也可以。

 

SQL>delete from employee e2 where rowid <(
       
select max(e1.rowid) from employee e1 where
        e1.emp_id
=e2.emp_id and e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and

                  e1.salary=e2.salary);

 

3)也是通过rowid,但效率更高。

SQL>delete from employee where rowid not in (
       
select max(t1.rowid) from employee t1 group by

         t1.emp_id,t1.emp_name,t1.salary);--这里用min(rowid)也可以。

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         3 xyz                                             30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 

 

 

SQL> desc employee

 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ------------------

emp_id                                                NUMBER(10)
emp_name                                           VARCHAR2(20)

salary                                                  NUMBER(10,2)

 

 

可以通过下面的语句查询重复的记录:

SQL> select * from employee;

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                  SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                         20000

         2 semon                                         20000

         3 xyz                                           30000

         2 semon                                         20000

 


SQL>
select distinct * from employee;

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                         20000

         3 xyz                                             30000

SQL>  select * from employee group by emp_id,emp_name,salary having count (*)>1

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         2 semon                                          20000


SQL>
select * from employee e1

where rowid in (select max(rowid) from employe e2
 
where e1.emp_id=e2.emp_id and

  e1.emp_name=e2.emp_name and e1.salary=e2.salary);

 

    EMP_ID EMP_NAME                                     SALARY

---------- ---------------------------------------- ----------

         1 sunshine                                      10000

         3 xyz                                             30000

         2 semon                                         20000

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